mineral
Quartz
Silicon dioxide (SiO2)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 7, Color: variable (clear, white, yellow, brown), Luster: vitreous, Crystal structure: hexagonal, Cleavage: indistinct, Specific gravity: 2.65
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7, Color: variable (clear, white, yellow, brown), Luster: vitreous, Crystal structure: hexagonal, Cleavage: indistinct, Specific gravity: 2.65
Formation & geological history
Formed in igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary environments. Very common mineral.
Uses & applications
Used in glassmaking, abrasives, electronics, jewelry, and as a collector's item.
Geological facts
Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in Earth's continental crust. It exhibits piezoelectric properties.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its hardness (scratches glass), conchoidal fracture, and lack of good cleavage. Found worldwide.
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Other mineral specimens
Gneiss or Schist
Gneiss or Mica Schist with Garnet
Metamorphic
Sandstone (with potential mineral staining/concretions)
Arenite (SiO2 based)
sedimentary
Calcite–fluorite mineral specimen with iron-oxide staining
Calcite (CaCO₃), likely fluorite (CaF₂), with possible quartz and iron/manganese oxides
mineral
Mineral Sand (Heavy Mineral Sand Concentrate)
Placer deposit concentrate containing minerals such as ilmenite, rutile, zircon, and magnetite
mineral
Septarian Pebble
Septarian nodule / Concretion
sedimentary
Schist
Schist
Metamorphic