mineral

Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Hardness: 7 on the Mohs scale. Color: Clear to yellowish/tan (smoky or citrine tint). Luster: Vitreous (glassy). Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal). Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture). Specific Gravity: 2.65.

Hardness: 7 on the Mohs scale
Color: Clear to yellowish/tan (smoky or citrine tint)
Luster: Vitreous (glassy)

Identified May 19, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed through the cooling of silica-rich magma or precipitation from hydrothermal veins. It is found in igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary environments across all geological ages.

Uses & applications

Used extensively in glass manufacturing, electronics (piezoelectric properties), abrasives, construction as sand/gravel, and as gemstones in jewelry.

Geological facts

Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in Earth's continental crust. It is highly resistant to both chemical and physical weathering.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its ability to scratch glass and its lack of cleavage. Look for conchoidal (shell-like) fractures. It is found globally in almost any mountainous or riverbed environment.