mineral
Quartz
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 7 (Mohs scale), Color: Colorless to white/translucent, Luster: Vitreous (glassy), Crystal System: Trigonal (often hexagonal prisms), Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture), Specific Gravity: 2.65
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale), Color: Colorless to white/translucent, Luster: Vitreous (glassy), Crystal System: Trigonal (often hexagonal prisms), Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture), Specific Gravity: 2.65
Formation & geological history
Formed through the cooling of silica-rich magma or from hydrothermal veins. It is found in igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary environments across all geological ages.
Uses & applications
Used in glassmaking, abrasives, precision electronics (piezoelectric properties), construction as sand/gravel, and jewelry as gemstones.
Geological facts
Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in Earth's continental crust. It is highly resistant to both chemical and physical weathering.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its hardness (scratches glass), lack of cleavage, and conchoidal (glass-like) fracture pattern. Found globally in almost any mountain range or riverbed.
