sedimentary
Jasper (specifically Red Jasper)
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron oxide inclusions
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Brick red to brownish-red; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal Structure: Microcrystalline (Trigonal); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.91
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Brick red to brownish-red
- Luster
- Dull to vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Brick red to brownish-red; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal Structure: Microcrystalline (Trigonal); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.91
Formation & geological history
Formed through the infiltration of silica-rich fluids into volcanic ash or fine-grained sediments, often associated with hydrothermal activity. Geological age varies greatly from Precambrian to Cenozoic.
Uses & applications
Used primarily in jewelry (cabochons, beads), decorative carvings, and as a popular semi-precious stone for mineral collectors.
Geological facts
The red color is caused by the presence of iron (hematite) impurities. Historically, it was known as the 'warrior's stone' and was used in ancient times for seals and talismans.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its opaque red color, extreme hardness (it will scratch glass), and smooth, shell-like (conchoidal) fracture surfaces. Commonly found in riverbeds or areas with volcanic history.
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