sedimentary
Yellow Jasper
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron oxide inclusions
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Mustard yellow to golden brown; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline/cryptocrystalline); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.58-2.91
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Mustard yellow to golden brown
- Luster
- Vitreous to waxy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Mustard yellow to golden brown; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline/cryptocrystalline); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.58-2.91
Formation & geological history
Formed through the deposition of silica from water or within volcanic ash beds. The yellow color is primarily due to the presence of goethite or iron hydroxides. It can form in various geological ages ranging from the Precambrian to recent alluvial deposits.
Uses & applications
Commonly used for lapidary work, cabochons, beads for jewelry, and as a decorative landscaping stone. In industry, it can be used for abrasion-resistant components due to its hardness.
Geological facts
Jasper is an opaque variety of chalcedony. Historically, yellow jasper was known as a stone of protection and discernment. Each specimen is unique because the banding and color variations are determined by the local mineral impurities where it formed.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its opaque nature (unlike translucent agate), conchoidal fracture, and inability to be scratched by a steel blade. Commonly found in riverbeds, gravel pits, and coastal areas throughout the Western United States, Egypt, and India.
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