sedimentary
Red Jasper
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron oxide impurities
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Brick red to brownish-red; Luster: Dull to waxy; Crystal structure: Microcrystalline (trigonal); Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture; Specific gravity: 2.58-2.91.
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Brick red to brownish-red
- Luster
- Dull to waxy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Brick red to brownish-red; Luster: Dull to waxy; Crystal structure: Microcrystalline (trigonal); Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture; Specific gravity: 2.58-2.91.
Formation & geological history
Jasper is an opaque variety of chalcedony. It forms through the deposition of silica from water or hydrothermal solutions, often in volcanic or sedimentary environments. The red color comes from high concentrations of hematite (iron oxide) included during formation.
Uses & applications
Commonly used in lapidary arts for cabochons, beads, and carvings. Historically used for making tools, seals, and as an ornamental gemstone. Popular in jewelry and for decorative polishing.
Geological facts
Red Jasper has been used since ancient times for amulets and carvings; it is mentioned in the Bible and was highly valued in Babylonian and Egyptian cultures. It is often referred to as the stone of endurance.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its distinctive brick-red color, extreme hardness (it will scratch glass), and waxy feel when polished by water. It is a common find in river beds, beaches, and desert regions globally.
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