mineral

Raw amethyst

Amethyst, purple quartz (SiO₂)

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness 7 Mohs; translucent violet color with white quartz zones, vitreous luster, trigonal crystal structure, and indistinct cleavage with conchoidal fracture. The specimen appears rough and naturally fractured.

Identified August 29, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Forms when trace iron in quartz is irradiated, commonly in gas bubbles and cavities of volcanic basalt; major deposits are geologically Mesozoic to Cenozoic in Brazil, Uruguay, Zambia, and elsewhere.

Uses & applications

Used as a jewelry gemstone, ornamental material, crystal specimen, and decorative carving stone. Common rough pieces typically have modest commercial value.

Geological facts

Purple color results from iron-related defects in quartz; heating can turn some amethyst yellow or orange, producing citrine. Amethyst is February’s birthstone.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its purple quartz appearance, glassy luster, hardness, and lack of strong cleavage; it should scratch ordinary glass but not be scratched by a steel knife. Common locations include Brazil, Uruguay, Zambia, and Mexico.