mineral

Raw turquoise-bearing rock

Turquoise, CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O, likely in a limonite/matrix host

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Blue-green, opaque, waxy to dull luster, commonly massive rather than visibly crystalline; Mohs hardness 5–6, specific gravity about 2.6–2.9, with uneven fracture and no prominent cleavage. The dark brown-black patches are likely iron/manganese-rich matrix or host rock.

Identified August 20, 2026More mineral →

Explore Raw turquoise-bearing rock in the encyclopedia →

Identify your own rocks.

Get a report just like this from any photo, free.

App Store Google Play

Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Turquoise forms as a secondary phosphate mineral when copper-bearing fluids weather aluminum-rich rocks in arid environments. Deposits are generally geologically young compared with their host rocks, commonly Cenozoic to Mesozoic weathering zones.

Uses & applications

Used for cabochons, beads, carvings, inlay, and ornamental specimens; matrix-rich material is often valued for its natural pattern. It has little structural or industrial use.

Geological facts

Turquoise color ranges from sky blue to green depending mainly on copper, iron, and zinc substitution. It commonly occurs with limonite, iron oxides, quartz, and host-rock fragments.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its blue-green opaque color, relatively soft waxy surface, low-to-moderate density, and natural matrix; avoid destructive tests because dyed composites and stabilized turquoise are common. Important sources include Arizona, Nevada, New Mexico, Iran, China, Tibet, and Mexico.