sedimentary
Red Jasper
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Iron inclusions
Hardness: 6.5-7 Mohs; Color: Brick red to brownish red; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal Structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.91
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Brick red to brownish red
- Luster
- Vitreous to waxy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7 Mohs; Color: Brick red to brownish red; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal Structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.91
Formation & geological history
Formed from silica-rich fluids (often in volcanic hot springs or sedimentary deposits) that permeate through rocks, accumulating iron oxides which provide the red color. Typically dates from the Precambrian to Cenozoic eras.
Uses & applications
Commonly used in lapidary arts for cabochons, beads, and carvings. Also used as a decorative stone in jewelry, ornaments, and occasionally as an industrial abrasive in high-end polishing powders.
Geological facts
Jasper was a favorite gem in antiquity and is mentioned in many ancient texts; the name comes from the Greek word 'iaspis', meaning 'spotted stone'. It is an opaque variety of chalcedony.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its opaque nature, smooth conchoidal fracture, and inability to be scratched by a steel knife. It is frequently found in riverbeds, desert pavements, and coastal areas, particularly in Western USA, India, Russia, and Brazil.
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