sedimentary
Red Jasper
Silicon dioxide (SiO2) with iron oxide inclusions
Hardness: 6.5-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Brick red to brownish-red; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: None; Fracture: Conchoidal
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Brick red to brownish-red
- Luster
- Dull to vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Brick red to brownish-red; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: None; Fracture: Conchoidal
Formation & geological history
Formed through the infiltration of silica-rich fluids into volcanic ash or fine-grained sediments, occurring over millions of years. The red color is caused by high concentrations of iron oxide (hematite).
Uses & applications
Used primarily in lapidary arts for jewelry, decorative carvings, tumbled stones, and as an ornamental stone in mosaics and furniture inlays.
Geological facts
Jasper is an opaque variety of chalcedony. Historically, it was known as the 'supreme nurturer' and was worn by shamans and kings across various ancient civilizations like Egypt and Mesopotamia.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its characteristic dull, waxy appearance and distinct conchoidal (shell-like) fracture patterns. It is found globally, with significant deposits in India, Brazil, Madagascar, and the USA.
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