sedimentary
Red Jasper
Quartz (SiO2) with Iron Oxide impurities
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs); Color: Dark reddish-brown; Luster: Waxy to dull (earthy); Crystal Structure: Microcrystalline; Cleavage: None (Conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.91
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Dark reddish-brown
- Luster
- Waxy to dull (earthy)
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs); Color: Dark reddish-brown; Luster: Waxy to dull (earthy); Crystal Structure: Microcrystalline; Cleavage: None (Conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.91
Formation & geological history
Formed primarily as a sedimentary process where silica-rich fluids permeate through volcanic ash or other sediments, picking up iron oxides (hematite) that give it its red color. Most specimens range from several hundred million to billions of years old.
Uses & applications
Commonly used for lapidary work, cabochons for jewelry, decorative carvings, and as a popular stone for tumbling and collecting. Historically used for making tools and seals.
Geological facts
Red jasper has been used since ancient times in many cultures, including Egypt and Mesopotamia, where it was often called 'the blood of Mother Earth.' It is a member of the chalcedony family.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its high hardness (doesn't scratch with steel), opaque appearance, and distinctive waxy texture when smooth. Frequently found in riverbeds or coastal shores where it has been naturally tumbled and polished.
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