sedimentary
Red Jasper
Silicon dioxide (SiO2) with iron oxide inclusions
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs); Color: Deep red to reddish-brown; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal structure: Trigonal/Microcrystalline; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.58–2.91
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Deep red to reddish-brown
- Luster
- Vitreous to waxy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs); Color: Deep red to reddish-brown; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal structure: Trigonal/Microcrystalline; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.58–2.91
Formation & geological history
Formed from silica-rich groundwater that solidifies into microcrystalline quartz, with the red color caused by iron or hematite inclusions. Typically found in sedimentary beds or as nodules in volcanic rocks.
Uses & applications
Used primarily for jewelry, lapidary art, ornaments, and as a decorative stone in landscaping. Historically used for making tools and seals.
Geological facts
Red jasper was a favorite gem in the ancient world; in Egyptian culture, it was associated with the blood of Isis and often carved into protective amulets.
Field identification & locations
Identifiable by its opaque red color, conchoidal fracture when broken, and extreme hardness (cannot be scratched by a steel knife). Common in dry riverbeds and ancient volcanic regions.
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