sedimentary
Red Jasper
Silicon Dioxide with Iron Oxide (SiO2 + Fe2O3)
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Brick red to brownish red; Luster: Vitreous to waxy (high luster when polished); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture).
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Brick red to brownish red
- Luster
- Vitreous to waxy (high luster when polished)
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Brick red to brownish red; Luster: Vitreous to waxy (high luster when polished); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture).
Formation & geological history
Formed primarily in sedimentary environments where silica-rich fluids permeate porous rocks; the red color comes from high concentrations of hematite (iron oxide). It is often found in prehistoric deposits ranging from hundreds of millions to billions of years old.
Uses & applications
Used extensively in lapidary work for cabochons, beads, and tumbled stones; also used in decorative mosaics and as a gemstone for jewelry. Historically used for seal stones and amulets.
Geological facts
Known as the 'Stone of Endurance' in folklore, it has been used by various cultures since antiquity as a sacred stone of strength. It is a microcrystalline variety of quartz known for its complete opacity.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its deep red color, hardness (it will scratch glass), and its opaque nature (it does not let light through even at the edges). Commonly found in the United States, India, Brazil, and Africa.
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