mineral
Red Jasper
Silicon dioxide with hematite impurities (SiO2 + Fe2O3)
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Brick red to brownish-red; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.58-2.91.
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Brick red to brownish-red
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Brick red to brownish-red; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.58-2.91.
Formation & geological history
Formed when silica-rich fluids permeate volcanic rocks or sedimentary layers, picking up iron oxides (hematite) which provide the red color. Often associated with Precambrian banded iron formations.
Uses & applications
Used primarily as a decorative gemstone, in cabochons for jewelry, ornamental carvings, and aquarium decor. Historically used for making tools due to its conchoidal fracture.
Geological facts
Jasper is an opaque variety of chalcedony. In antiquity, it was often referred to as a 'rain-bringer' and was mentioned in the Bible as one of the stones in the High Priest's Breastplate.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its deep red color, opacity (light does not pass through even thin edges), and its ability to scratch glass. It is commonly found in India, Brazil, USA, and South Africa.
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