sedimentary

Red sandstone (iron-stained sandstone)

Quartz-rich sandstone, commonly ferruginous sandstone; chiefly SiO₂ with iron oxides/hydroxides

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Typically Mohs 6–7 for quartz grains, with variable cement hardness; reddish-brown coloration comes from hematite or limonite. It has a dull to slightly gritty luster, visible sand-sized grains, porous texture, and no consistent cleavage; apparent layering is present.

Identified August 23, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed when sand accumulated, compacted, and cemented in a river, dune, floodplain, or shallow-marine setting. The specimen may be tens to hundreds of millions of years old, but its exact age requires locality or laboratory analysis.

Uses & applications

Used as building stone, paving, aggregate, and architectural sandstone; attractive pieces are collected or cut for decorative objects. It is generally low-value unless unusually colored, patterned, or historically significant.

Geological facts

Iron oxides can produce red, orange, yellow, or purple zones, while weathering may create cavities and surface crusts. The pale bands likely reflect changes in sediment composition or cementation.

Field identification & locations

Identify it by gritty quartz grains, visible sedimentary layering, and red iron staining; it should not fizz strongly with dilute hydrochloric acid unless carbonate cement is present. Common worldwide, including the Colorado Plateau, Utah, Arizona, India, Australia, and the UK.