sedimentary
Red Sandstone
Arenite (Ferruginous Sandstone)
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: reddish-brown to brick red; Luster: matte/dull; Structure: clastic; Cleavage: none; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8.
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- reddish-brown to brick red
- Luster
- matte/dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: reddish-brown to brick red; Luster: matte/dull; Structure: clastic; Cleavage: none; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments, typically in desert or river environments. The red color is due to iron oxide (hematite) coating the grains.
Uses & applications
Used extensively as a building material, paving stones, and for ornamental masonry due to its durability and color.
Geological facts
Red sandstone is famous for creating iconic landscapes like the Grand Canyon and the 'Red Rocks' of Sedona, Arizona. It often preserves ripple marks and cross-bedding from ancient dunes.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty, sandpaper-like feel and distinct layering. Common in arid regions and old red sandstone deposits globally. Check for grains that can be rubbed off by hand.
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