sedimentary
Red Sandstone
Arenite (Ferruginous Sandstone)
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: reddish-brown due to iron oxide; Luster: dull to earthy; Texture: granular, medium-grained; Cleavage: none; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8.
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- reddish-brown due to iron oxide
- Luster
- dull to earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: reddish-brown due to iron oxide; Luster: dull to earthy; Texture: granular, medium-grained; Cleavage: none; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8.
Formation & geological history
Formed over millions of years through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments, typically in desert, river, or coastal environments. The red hue is caused by the oxidation of iron-rich minerals.
Uses & applications
Extensively used as a building material, in paving, domestic flooring, and landscaping. Fine-grained varieties are used for grindstones and ornamental masonry.
Geological facts
Red sandstone formations like those in Sedona, Arizona, or the Old Red Sandstone in Europe, provide critical records of geological history and ancient continental climates.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its gritty feel like sandpaper and distinct red/orange weathering. It is commonly found in sedimentary basins and arid regions globally. Collectors look for unique banding or fossil inclusions.
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