sedimentary
Red Sandstone
Arenite (Ferruginous Sandstone)
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: reddish-brown to terracotta; Luster: dull/earthy; Texture: granular like sandpaper; specific gravity: 2.2-2.8.
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- reddish-brown to terracotta
- Luster
- dull/earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: reddish-brown to terracotta; Luster: dull/earthy; Texture: granular like sandpaper; specific gravity: 2.2-2.8.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains, primarily quartz and feldspar, often in desert or river environments where iron oxide (hematite) provides the red pigmentation.
Uses & applications
Widely used as a construction material (brownstone), paving, architectural decorative stone, and crushed for gravel. Fine specimens are used for landscaping or carving.
Geological facts
The red color is caused by the oxidation of iron minerals, essentially making the rock 'rusted'. It is a key component of iconic landscapes like the Grand Canyon and Sedona, Arizona.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty texture and characteristic red streak. Commonly found in basinal sedimentary sequences worldwide. Collectors look for unique weathering patterns or fossils within the layers.
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