mineral

Rhodochrosite

Manganese Carbonate (MnCO3)

Hardness: 3.5 to 4 on the Mohs scale; Color: Pink, rose-red, cherry-red, yellowish-gray, or brown; Luster: Vitreous to pearly; Crystal structure: Trigonal; Cleavage: Perfect rhombohedral in three directions; Specific gravity: 3.7

Hardness: 3
Color: Pink, rose-red, cherry-red, yellowish-gray, or brown
Luster: Vitreous to pearly

Identified July 6, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed as a primary mineral in hydrothermal veins alongside other manganese minerals, and as a secondary mineral in sedimentary deposits. Notable deposits range from the Precambrian to more recent geological eras.

Uses & applications

Used primarily as an ore of manganese, a popular semi-precious gemstone for jewelry, and a highly sought-after cabinet specimen for mineral collectors.

Geological facts

It is the national gemstone of Argentina and the state mineral of Colorado, USA. The most famous locality is the Sweet Home Mine in Colorado, which produces world-class cherry-red rhombohedral crystals.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its distinct pink color, relatively low hardness (can be scratched by a copper coin), and its effervescence (bubbling) when exposed to warm hydrochloric acid. Found in Argentina, Peru, South Africa, and the USA.