igneous

Granite

Granite (Phaneritic Acidic Igneous Rock)

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Gray, tan, white with visible crystalline specks; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal Structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Cleavage: None (grains break unevenly); Specific Gravity: 2.63-2.75

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs
Color: Gray, tan, white with visible crystalline specks
Luster: Dull to vitreous

Identified May 5, 2026More igneous →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed from the slow crystallization of silica-rich magma below the Earth's surface. This specimen appears weathered, likely found in a surface deposit or riverbed. Most granite formations range from Precambrian to Cenozoic eras.

Uses & applications

Extensively used in construction (countertops, flooring), monuments, paving stones, and as crushed stone for road base.

Geological facts

Granite makes up a large portion of the Earth's continental crust. It is one of the hardest and most durable common rocks, which is why it has been used in ancient Egyptian pyramids and modern skyscrapers.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its 'salt and pepper' appearance and visible crystals of quartz, feldspar, and mica. This weathered sample shows tan/gray coloration typical of surface exposure. Found globally in mountainous regions and continental shields.

Other igneous specimens

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Blue Apatite

Fluorapatite (Ca5(PO4)3F)

mineral

Dark Igneous Rock (Likely Basalt or Diabase)

Basalt (extrusive igneous rock) or Diabase (intrusive igneous rock - also known as Dolerite), largely composed of plagioclase feldspar, pyroxene (augite), and sometimes olivine and amphibole. Exact mineralogy would require thin section analysis.

Igneous