sedimentary
Jasper
Silicon dioxide (SiO2) with iron oxide impurities
Hardness: 6.5–7 on the Mohs scale; Color: Reddish-brown (due to iron); Luster: Dull/waxy; Crystal Structure: Microcrystalline; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.58–2.91
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Reddish-brown (due to iron)
- Luster
- Dull/waxy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5–7 on the Mohs scale; Color: Reddish-brown (due to iron); Luster: Dull/waxy; Crystal Structure: Microcrystalline; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.58–2.91
Formation & geological history
Formed from the hydrothermal or sedimentary deposition of silica, often in volcanic environments or deep-sea sediments. The iron inclusions provide the red-brown pigmentation.
Uses & applications
Commonly used in lapidary arts, jewelry (cabochons), interior decoration, and as a healing stone in metaphysical practices.
Geological facts
Jasper is an opaque variety of chalcedony. The name 'jasper' comes from the Greek word 'iaspis', meaning 'spotted stone'. It is known as the 'Supreme Nurturer'.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its opacity (does not transmit light), smooth waxy feel when polished, and high hardness (cannot be scratched by a steel knife). Commonly found in riverbeds and beaches.
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