sedimentary

Sandstone (Ferruginous)

Arenite with Iron Oxide matrix

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, brown, and reddish-orange due to iron oxidation; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Texture: Granular or gritty like sandpaper; Structure: Clastic.

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale
Color: Tan, brown, and reddish-orange due to iron oxidation
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified July 14, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, brown, and reddish-orange due to iron oxidation; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Texture: Granular or gritty like sandpaper; Structure: Clastic.

Formation & geological history

Formed from the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments. The reddish hue indicates the presence of iron oxide (hematite or limonite) acting as a cementing agent during diagenesis.

Uses & applications

Commonly used as a building material, paving stone, and in the production of glass. It is also a significant reservoir rock for oil, gas, and groundwater.

Geological facts

Sandstone makes up about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The famous red rocks of Sedona and the Grand Canyon are iconic examples of ferruginous sandstone layers.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its gritty texture (rubbing it often releases sand grains) and visible layering or bedding planes. Found globally in basins, riverbeds, and deserts. Look for iron staining on fresh breaks.