sedimentary
Sandstone (Ferruginous)
Arenite with Iron Oxide cement
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Red-brown to tan; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Clastic; Cleavage: None/Grainy
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs)
- Color
- Red-brown to tan
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Red-brown to tan; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Clastic; Cleavage: None/Grainy
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and litification of sand-sized mineral particles, frequently quartz or feldspar, often in desert or riverbed environments. Its color comes from iron oxide (hematite/limonite) acting as a binding agent.
Uses & applications
Used widely as a building material, in landscaping, and sometimes for glass manufacturing if silica content is exceptionally high.
Geological facts
Red sandstone is famous for creating the landscape of the American Southwest, such as the Grand Canyon. It is often porous and serves as an important aquifer for groundwater.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty, sandpaper-like feel and visible grain layers. Common in outcrops, riverbeds, and arid regions. Collectors look for unique color banding (Wonderstone).
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