sedimentary
Sandstone Flagstone
Arenite (SiO2 with various cementing agents)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: tan, brown, or buff; Luster: dull/earthy; Structure: granular/clastic; specific gravity: 2.2-2.8. Shows distinct layering and a gritty texture.
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs)
- Color
- tan, brown, or buff
- Luster
- dull/earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: tan, brown, or buff; Luster: dull/earthy; Structure: granular/clastic; specific gravity: 2.2-2.8. Shows distinct layering and a gritty texture.
Formation & geological history
Formed by the accumulation and lithification of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments. Typically deposited in riverbeds, deserts, or coastal environments over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Commonly used in construction for paving, walkways, patios, and wall cladding due to its durability and natural aesthetic.
Geological facts
Sandstone is highly porous and can serve as an important reservoir for groundwater, oil, and natural gas. Many famous canyons in the American Southwest are carved from thick layers of sandstone.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its sandy, gritty feel (like sandpaper) and visible bedding planes. Found globally where ancient water bodies or deserts once existed.
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Clastic Sedimentary Rock Grain (SiO2 dominated)
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Sandstone
Arenite (primarily SiO2)
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