sedimentary
Sandstone (likely Quartzose)
Arenite
Hardness: 6-7 (if quartz-rich); Color: Tan, beige, brown; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (grainy texture); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 (if quartz-rich)
- Color
- Tan, beige, brown
- Luster
- Dull or earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (if quartz-rich); Color: Tan, beige, brown; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (grainy texture); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments, typically in river beds, oceans, or deserts. Result of weathering and erosion over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Commonly used in construction as a building material, paving, and decorative stone. Sometimes used for glass manufacturing if silica content is exceptionally high.
Geological facts
Sandstone accounts for roughly 20 to 25 percent of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The grains are often held together by silica, calcite, or iron oxide cement.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible layering (bedding). Found globally in sedimentary basins.
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Brecciated Chert (Microcrystalline Silica)
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Sandstone Grain
Clastic Sedimentary Rock Grain (SiO2 dominated)
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Sandstone
Arenite (primarily SiO2)
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