sedimentary
Sandstone Pebble
Arenite (SiO2 principal)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: Brownish-tan/rusty, Luster: Dull/Earthy, Crystal Structure: Clastic/Granular, Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: Brownish-tan/rusty, Luster: Dull/Earthy, Crystal Structure: Clastic/Granular, Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed by the accumulation of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments, cemented together over millions of years by minerals like silica or calcium carbonate, then rounded by water erosion.
Uses & applications
Landscaping, construction aggregate, decorative river stone, and historically used for grindstones.
Geological facts
Sandstone can be found in almost every color, but brown, tan, and red are most common due to iron oxide staining. It often preserves ripple marks and fossils.
Field identification & locations
Identify by the gritty, sandpaper-like feel and the visible sand grains. Commonly found in riverbeds, beaches, and desert outcrops. Look for layered bedding planes.
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Sedimentary limestone with invertebrate fossil imprint
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Sandstone or Siltstone
Arenite (if sandstone)
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Sandstone
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Shale
Shale (clastic sedimentary rock)
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Shale (or Mudstone/Siltstone)
Sedimentary Mudrock (SiO2, Al2O3 base with clay minerals)
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