sedimentary
Sandstone Pebble
Arenite (SiO2 complex)
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, beige, grey; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- Tan, beige, grey
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, beige, grey; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed by the accumulation and lithification of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments, typically through pressure and mineral cements like silica or calcite. Common in riverbeds and coastal environments.
Uses & applications
Used in construction, glass manufacturing, and as decorative gravel. Small pebbles are often used in landscaping or as filler material.
Geological facts
Sandstone can preserve fossilized footprints and ripple marks from ancient riverbeds or beaches. It makes up about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty texture and visible sand grains. Found globally in areas with past or present water flow. Common on beaches and river banks.
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Arenite (if sandstone)
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Cone-in-cone structure (Secondary Sedimentary Structure)
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Brecciated Chert (Microcrystalline Silica)
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Sandstone Grain
Clastic Sedimentary Rock Grain (SiO2 dominated)
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Shale or Slaty Mudstone
Argillaceous sedimentary rock
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Sandstone
Arenite (primarily SiO2)
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