sedimentary
Sandstone (Quartzose)
Arenite (composed primarily of SiO2)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, beige, or light grey; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (grains); Cleavage: None (breaks across grains); Texture: Gritty like sandpaper.
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs)
- Color
- Tan, beige, or light grey
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, beige, or light grey; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (grains); Cleavage: None (breaks across grains); Texture: Gritty like sandpaper.
Formation & geological history
Formed by the accumulation and lithification of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments. Typically deposited in desert, river, or coastal environments over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Used widely in construction for building stone, paving, and as an aggregate. Also used in glass making and as a historical medium for sculpture.
Geological facts
Sandstone makes up about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The famous Red Rocks of Colorado and the ancient city of Petra are both made of sandstone.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty texture (rubbing it often releases individual sand grains). It often displays visible layering called bedding planes. Found in sedimentary basins worldwide.
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Sandstone
Arenite (primarily SiO2)
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