sedimentary
Sandstone (Red/Ferruginous)
Arenite (with iron oxide cement)
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: reddish-brown; Luster: dull/earthy; Crystal structure: clastic/granular; Cleavage: none; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- reddish-brown
- Luster
- dull/earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: reddish-brown; Luster: dull/earthy; Crystal structure: clastic/granular; Cleavage: none; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed by the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains, typically in deserts or river beds. The red color suggests iron oxide precipitation during lithification, often from the Paleozoic or Mesozoic eras.
Uses & applications
Used extensively in the construction industry as a building stone, for paving, grindstones, and sometimes as a decorative landscape feature.
Geological facts
Red sandstone is famous for creating the iconic landscapes of the American Southwest and the 'Old Red Sandstone' formations in Great Britain.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty, sandpaper-like texture and visible sand grains. Found globally in ancient sedimentary basins. Collectors should look for unique cross-bedding patterns or fossils.
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