sedimentary
Sandstone (Red)
Arenite (primarily SiO2 with Fe2O3)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Reddish-brown/Terracotta; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs scale)
- Color
- Reddish-brown/Terracotta
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Reddish-brown/Terracotta; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments (silt/sand) in environments like deserts, river beds, or basins. The red color indicates iron oxide (hematite) staining from oxygen-rich environments.
Uses & applications
Used widely as a building material, decorative stone for landscaping, paving stones, and in the production of glass or concrete.
Geological facts
Red sandstone is famous for creating the iconic landscapes of the American Southwest, such as the Grand Canyon and Zion National Park. It often preserves fossils and ripple marks from ancient water bodies.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its gritty 'sandpaper' feel, visible layering (bedding), and resistance to weathering. Collectors should look for unique cross-bedding patterns or fossil inclusions.
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