sedimentary

Sandstone with Hematite staining

Arenite with Fe2O3 inclusions

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: tan to golden yellow with reddish-brown staining, Luster: dull to earthy, Crystal structure: granular clastic, Cleavage: none, Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Identified July 1, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: tan to golden yellow with reddish-brown staining, Luster: dull to earthy, Crystal structure: granular clastic, Cleavage: none, Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized silicate grains in ancient riverbeds, beaches, or desert environments. The reddish staining is caused by the oxidation of iron minerals (hematite) within the ground water or rock matrix.

Uses & applications

Commonly used as a building material, paving stone, for glass manufacturing (if high silica), and as a common specimen for educational geological collections.

Geological facts

Sandstone makes up about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The red 'rust' staining often creates patterns known as Liesegang rings in larger outcrops.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its gritty, sandpaper-like feel and visible grains. Found globally in sedimentary basins. Collectors look for unique color branching (dendrites) or intense iron banding.