sedimentary
Sandstone (with minor weathering/pitting)
Clastic Sedimentary Rock (composed mostly of SiO2)
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Gray, tan, or buff with yellowish iron staining; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- Gray, tan, or buff with yellowish iron staining
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Gray, tan, or buff with yellowish iron staining; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments over millions of years, typically in desert, river, or ocean environments.
Uses & applications
Commonly used in construction, paving, landscaping, and as a source of quartz for glass making.
Geological facts
Sandstone makes up about 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The distinct pits or 'vugs' seen in this specimen are likely where more soluble minerals have leached out over time.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible layering. It is found globally in sedimentary basins.
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