sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, brown, or light grey; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- Tan, brown, or light grey
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, brown, or light grey; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed from the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments, typically through pressure and mineral-laden water. Common in river beds and coastal areas.
Uses & applications
Widely used in construction for building blocks, paving, countertops, and as a decorative stone in landscaping.
Geological facts
Sandstone makes up about 10 to 25% of all sedimentary rock on Earth. It often preserves fossils and ripple marks from ancient environments.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty sandpaper-like feel and visible grains. Found globally in sedimentary basins. Collectors look for unique banding or fossil inclusions.
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Arenite (if sandstone)
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Cone-in-cone structure (Limestone)
Cone-in-cone structure (Secondary Sedimentary Structure)
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Chert Breccia
Brecciated Chert (Microcrystalline Silica)
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Sandstone Grain
Clastic Sedimentary Rock Grain (SiO2 dominated)
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Shale or Slaty Mudstone
Argillaceous sedimentary rock
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Sandstone
Arenite (primarily SiO2)
sedimentary