sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (primarily SiO2 with various cementing agents)
Hardness: 6-7 (on Mohs scale if quartz-rich), Color: Tan, yellow, or light brown, Luster: Dull/Earthy, Crystal Structure: Clastic texture, Cleavage: None, Specific Gravity: 2.2 - 2.8
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (on Mohs scale if quartz-rich), Color: Tan, yellow, or light brown, Luster: Dull/Earthy, Crystal Structure: Clastic texture, Cleavage: None, Specific Gravity: 2.2 - 2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments (clasts) the size of sand over millions of years, typically in river beds, beaches, or deserts.
Uses & applications
Commonly used as a construction material (dimension stone), in glass manufacturing, and for decorative landscaping.
Geological facts
Sandstone makes up about 10 to 20 percent of the sedimentary rocks on Earth. The grains are usually composed of quartz because it is the most durable mineral during transport.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible sand-sized grains. It often features visible layering or bedding planes.
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Other sedimentary specimens
Sandstone or Siltstone
Arenite (if sandstone)
Sedimentary
Cone-in-cone structure (Limestone)
Cone-in-cone structure (Secondary Sedimentary Structure)
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Sandstone Grain
Clastic Sedimentary Rock Grain (SiO2 dominated)
sedimentary
Chert Breccia
Brecciated Chert (Microcrystalline Silica)
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Shale or Slaty Mudstone
Argillaceous sedimentary rock
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Sandstone
Arenite (primarily SiO2)
sedimentary