sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (SiO2 primarily)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: Tan/Brown/Reddish, Luster: Dull/Earthy, Crystal Structure: Granular/Clastic, Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: Tan/Brown/Reddish, Luster: Dull/Earthy, Crystal Structure: Granular/Clastic, Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed by the accumulation and lithification of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments, typically through pressure and mineral cements like silica or calcium carbonate in river, ocean, or desert environments.
Uses & applications
Used extensively in construction for building stone, tiles, and as a raw material for glass manufacturing and industrial abrasives.
Geological facts
Sandstone can preserve fossilized footprints and ripple marks from ancient water currents, providing a 'snapshot' of prehistoric environments.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible layering. It is common worldwide in sedimentary basin regions.
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Fossiliferous Sedimentary Rock
Sedimentary limestone with invertebrate fossil imprint
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Sandstone or Siltstone
Arenite (if sandstone)
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Quartz pebble
Silicon dioxide (SiO2)
sedimentary
Generic Pebble / Rock Fragment
Lithic fragment / Weathered rock
sedimentary
Sedimentary Sandstone
Arenite (Sedimentary Rock)
sedimentary
Shale (or Mudstone/Siltstone)
Sedimentary Mudrock (SiO2, Al2O3 base with clay minerals)
sedimentary