sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (SiO2 based)
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, beige, grey; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Clastic; Texture: Gritty like sandpaper; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- Tan, beige, grey
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, beige, grey; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Clastic; Texture: Gritty like sandpaper; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains (usually quartz or feldspar) over millions of years in deserts, river beds, or ocean floors.
Uses & applications
Primarily used as a construction material (dimension stone), in glass manufacturing, and as a reservoir rock for oil and natural gas.
Geological facts
Sandstone represents about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The famous red rock formations in Sedona, Arizona and the Grand Canyon are primarily composed of vibrant sandstone layers.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its characteristic 'sandpaper' feel when rubbed. It is commonly found in sedimentary basins and outcrops worldwide. Use a magnifying glass to see the individual cemented grains.
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Other sedimentary specimens
Sandstone or Siltstone
Arenite (if sandstone)
Sedimentary
Cone-in-cone structure (Limestone)
Cone-in-cone structure (Secondary Sedimentary Structure)
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Chert Breccia
Brecciated Chert (Microcrystalline Silica)
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Sandstone Grain
Clastic Sedimentary Rock Grain (SiO2 dominated)
sedimentary
Shale or Slaty Mudstone
Argillaceous sedimentary rock
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Sandstone
Arenite (primarily SiO2)
sedimentary