sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (SiO2 principal component)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: tan, grey, or brownish-green, Luster: dull/earthy, Crystal structure: granular clastic texture, Cleavage: none, Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: tan, grey, or brownish-green, Luster: dull/earthy, Crystal structure: granular clastic texture, Cleavage: none, Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed from the lithification of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments, typically in river beds, beaches, or deserts. This example appears water-worn into a smooth pebble shape.
Uses & applications
Used widely in construction as a building material, in glass manufacturing (if high silica), and as decorative stones in landscaping or aquariums.
Geological facts
Sandstone makes up about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. It often preserves fossils and ripple marks from ancient environments.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its gritty, 'sandpaper' feel and visible grains. Often found in riverbeds or coastal areas where erosion has rounded the fragments.
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Other sedimentary specimens
Fossiliferous Sedimentary Rock
Sedimentary limestone with invertebrate fossil imprint
fossil
Sandstone or Siltstone
Arenite (if sandstone)
Sedimentary
Quartz pebble
Silicon dioxide (SiO2)
sedimentary
Generic Pebble / Rock Fragment
Lithic fragment / Weathered rock
sedimentary
Sedimentary Sandstone
Arenite (Sedimentary Rock)
sedimentary
Shale (or Mudstone/Siltstone)
Sedimentary Mudrock (SiO2, Al2O3 base with clay minerals)
sedimentary