sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (SiO2 principal component)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: tan, grey, or brownish-green, Luster: dull/earthy, Crystal structure: granular clastic texture, Cleavage: none, Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: tan, grey, or brownish-green, Luster: dull/earthy, Crystal structure: granular clastic texture, Cleavage: none, Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed from the lithification of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments, typically in river beds, beaches, or deserts. This example appears water-worn into a smooth pebble shape.
Uses & applications
Used widely in construction as a building material, in glass manufacturing (if high silica), and as decorative stones in landscaping or aquariums.
Geological facts
Sandstone makes up about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. It often preserves fossils and ripple marks from ancient environments.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its gritty, 'sandpaper' feel and visible grains. Often found in riverbeds or coastal areas where erosion has rounded the fragments.
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Clastic Sedimentary Rock Grain (SiO2 dominated)
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Sandstone
Arenite (primarily SiO2)
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