sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (SiO2 principal component)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, brown, or grey; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (grainy); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Tan, brown, or grey
- Luster
- Dull or earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, brown, or grey; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (grainy); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and lithification of sand-sized mineral grains (usually quartz or feldspar) in desert, river, or coastal environments. This specimen shows distinct bedding planes or laminations.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction as a building stone (flagstone), in the manufacturing of glass, and as a reservoir rock for oil and gas.
Geological facts
Sandstone can preserve fossil footprints and ripple marks from ancient water currents. It is the primary component of many famous geological wonders like the Grand Canyon.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its gritty, abrasive texture (like sandpaper) and visible layers. It is ubiquitous in sedimentary basins worldwide.
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Generic Pebble / Rock Fragment
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Sedimentary Sandstone
Arenite (Sedimentary Rock)
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Shale (or Mudstone/Siltstone)
Sedimentary Mudrock (SiO2, Al2O3 base with clay minerals)
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