sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (SiO2 based)

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Brown, reddish-brown, tan; Luster: Dull, earthy; Crystal structure: Granular (clastic); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs
Color: Brown, reddish-brown, tan
Luster: Dull, earthy

Identified July 3, 2026More sedimentary →

Explore Sandstone in the encyclopedia →

Identify your own rocks.

Get a report just like this from any photo, free.

App Store Google Play

Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Brown, reddish-brown, tan; Luster: Dull, earthy; Crystal structure: Granular (clastic); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed from the accumulation of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments, most commonly quartz and feldspar, cemented over millions of years by pressure and mineral precipitation.

Uses & applications

Used extensively in construction as a building material, paving stones, and for manufacturing glass and abrasives due to high silica content.

Geological facts

Sandstone represents about 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks in the Earth's crust. It is a major reservoir for groundwater and hydrocarbons (oil and gas).

Field identification & locations

Identify by its gritty, abrasive feel similar to sandpaper and visible sand grains. Found globally in desert, river, and marine environments. Look for stratified layering.