sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (composed mainly of SiO2)
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, beige, grey, and yellow; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Texture: Granular (sand-sized grains); Cleavage: None
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- Tan, beige, grey, and yellow
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, beige, grey, and yellow; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Texture: Granular (sand-sized grains); Cleavage: None
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments, typically in riverbeds, deserts, or coastal environments over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Commonly used in construction for paving, building facades, and as a raw material for glassmaking and industrial abrasives.
Geological facts
Sandstone makes up about 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. Its porosity makes it one of the most important reservoirs for groundwater and petroleum.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty, sandpaper-like feel and visible layering (bedding). Found worldwide in areas with ancient sedimentary basins; look for it in dry creek beds or outcrops.
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Sandstone
Arenite (primarily SiO2)
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