sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (SiO2 primarily)

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, brown, or reddish-brown; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs
Color: Tan, brown, or reddish-brown
Luster: Dull or earthy

Identified June 21, 2026More sedimentary →

Explore Sandstone in the encyclopedia →

Identify your own rocks.

Get a report just like this from any photo, free.

App Store Google Play

Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, brown, or reddish-brown; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed over millions of years through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments, typically in river beds, beaches, or desert environments.

Uses & applications

Used extensively as a building material, in decorative masonry, as an abrasive for grinding, and in the production of glass and industrial casting molds.

Geological facts

Sandstone represents about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. Its porosity makes it a critical reservoir rock for aquifers and petroleum deposits.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its gritty, sandpaper-like texture and visible sand grains. Found globally in canyon walls, plateau regions, and coastal outcrops. Commonly found in regions with ancient basins.