sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (SiO2 principal)

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale (quartz-based); Color: tan, pinkish-buff, light brown; Luster: dull, earthy; Crystal structure: clastic (granular); Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8; Textural feel: gritty like sandpaper.

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale (quartz-based)
Color: tan, pinkish-buff, light brown
Luster: dull, earthy

Identified June 9, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments (clasts) the size of sand. These typically deposit in riverbeds, deserts, or coastal environments. This specimen appears to be a clastic sedimentary rock from a high-energy depositional environment.

Uses & applications

Used extensively in the construction industry as building stone, pavers, and as a source for silica in glass manufacturing. Fine-grained varieties are used for sharpening tools (whetstones).

Geological facts

Sandstone records history through cross-bedding and ripple marks, showing the direction of ancient winds and water currents. Some of the world's most famous landmarks, like the Treasury at Petra and the Grand Canyon, are made of sandstone.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its distinct gritty texture (feels like sandpaper when rubbed) and visible sand grains. It is commonly found in sedimentary basins and exposed canyon walls. Look for layering or 'beds' in larger outcrops.