sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (compositionally various, primarily SiO2)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectMohs hardness: 6-7; Color: Tan, brown, yellow, red; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Clastic; Texture: Gritty, medium-grained feel; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8.
- Hardness
- 6-7
- Color
- Tan, brown, yellow, red
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Mohs hardness: 6-7; Color: Tan, brown, yellow, red; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Clastic; Texture: Gritty, medium-grained feel; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8.
Formation & geological history
Formed over millions of years through the accumulation, compaction, and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments in environments like deserts, river beds, or ocean floors.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for building stone, road base, and as a raw material for glass manufacturing and industrial abrasives.
Geological facts
Sandstone is highly porous, making it an excellent aquifer or reservoir for oil and natural gas. Some layers preserve ripple marks from ancient tides or cross-bedding from ancient winds.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its sandpaper-like feel and visible grains. It is extremely common globally, found in sedimentary basins and exposed cliff faces throughout North America and Europe.
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