sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (SiO2 based)

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, brown, or light yellow; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Clastic texture with visible sand grains; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale
Color: Tan, brown, or light yellow
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified June 28, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, brown, or light yellow; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Clastic texture with visible sand grains; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed over millions of years through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments in environments like deserts, river beds, or beaches.

Uses & applications

Widely used as an architectural building stone, in paving, as a source for glass sand, and in grindstones for sharpening tools.

Geological facts

Sandstone can occur in a wide range of colors based on impurities; iron oxides can make it red or pink, while manganese results in purple hues. Famous sites include the Grand Canyon.

Field identification & locations

Identified by its gritty feel similar to sandpaper and visible bedding planes. Common in arid regions and coastal cliffs. Look for layered structures and the ability to scratch glass if quartz-rich.