sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (SiO2 principal)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Brown, tan, reddish; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Texture: Gritty, medium-grained sand particles; Cleavage: None
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs)
- Color
- Brown, tan, reddish
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Brown, tan, reddish; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Texture: Gritty, medium-grained sand particles; Cleavage: None
Formation & geological history
Formed from the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments, typically through water action in rivers, lakes, or oceans over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Construction material, architectural stone, grindstones for sharpening tools, and as a reservoir rock for oil and natural gas.
Geological facts
Sandstone represents about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The famous red rocks of the Grand Canyon and Petra in Jordan are both primary examples of sandstone formations.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its sandpaper-like feel and visible grains. Commonly found in sedimentary basins and arid regions globally. Collectors look for unique banding (Liesegang rings) or fossil inclusions.
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Cone-in-cone structure (Secondary Sedimentary Structure)
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Brecciated Chert (Microcrystalline Silica)
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Sandstone Grain
Clastic Sedimentary Rock Grain (SiO2 dominated)
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Shale or Slaty Mudstone
Argillaceous sedimentary rock
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Sandstone
Arenite (primarily SiO2)
sedimentary