sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (SiO2 based)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: tan to yellowish-brown, Luster: dull/earthy, Texture: clastic (gritty like sandpaper), Composition: primarily quartz and feldspar grains.
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: tan to yellowish-brown, Luster: dull/earthy, Texture: clastic (gritty like sandpaper), Composition: primarily quartz and feldspar grains.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments (detritus) in environments like deserts, river deltas, or beaches. Geological age can range from Precambrian to Holocene.
Uses & applications
Widely used as an architectural stone for building facades, paving, and decorative garden features. Historically used for making grindstones and tools.
Geological facts
Sandstone represents about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. It acts as a primary reservoir for underground water and oil because of its porosity and permeability.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its gritty texture and visible layers (bedding). It will often feel like sandpaper to the touch and will not fizz with weak acid unless the cement is calcareous.
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Other sedimentary specimens
Sandstone or Siltstone
Arenite (if sandstone)
Sedimentary
Cone-in-cone structure (Limestone)
Cone-in-cone structure (Secondary Sedimentary Structure)
sedimentary
Sandstone Grain
Clastic Sedimentary Rock Grain (SiO2 dominated)
sedimentary
Chert Breccia
Brecciated Chert (Microcrystalline Silica)
sedimentary
Shale or Slaty Mudstone
Argillaceous sedimentary rock
sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (primarily SiO2)
sedimentary