sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (primarily SiO2)

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, beige, or light brown; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (sand-sized grains); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs)
Color: Tan, beige, or light brown
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified May 19, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, beige, or light brown; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (sand-sized grains); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments (sand) in marine or terrestrial environments such as beaches, deserts, or river deltas over millions of years.

Uses & applications

Extensively used as a building material, paving stone, in glass manufacturing, and as a reservoir rock for groundwater and petroleum.

Geological facts

Sandstone comprises about 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The famous Red Rocks of Colorado and the city of Petra in Jordan are carved from sandstone formations.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its 'sandpaper' feel and visible grains. It is commonly found in sedimentary basins and arid regions. Collectors look for unique banding or fossil inclusions.