sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite

Hardness: 6-7 (on Mohs scale, based on quartz content); Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (composed of grains); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7 (on Mohs scale, based on quartz content)
Color: Tan, brown, or buff
Luster: Dull or earthy

Identified July 6, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 (on Mohs scale, based on quartz content); Color: Tan, brown, or buff; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (composed of grains); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments of sand size (0.0625 to 2 mm). It commonly forms in deserts, riverbeds, and ocean floors over millions of years through lithification.

Uses & applications

Extensively used in construction for paving, walling, and decorative architecture. Also used in glass making and as a source of industrial silica.

Geological facts

Sandstone makes up about 10-20% of Earth's sedimentary rocks. It is highly porous and often acts as a natural aquifer for storing water or petroleum.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible grains. Often displays visible layering or bedding planes. Found globally in sedimentary basins.