sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (predominantly Quartz Sandstone)
Mohs hardness of 6-7 (individual grains), color ranges from tan, brown, yellow, to grey. Luster is dull/earthy. It has a clastic texture with sandpaper-like feel. Crystal structure is granular. Specific gravity is 2.2-2.8.
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Physical properties
Mohs hardness of 6-7 (individual grains), color ranges from tan, brown, yellow, to grey. Luster is dull/earthy. It has a clastic texture with sandpaper-like feel. Crystal structure is granular. Specific gravity is 2.2-2.8.
Formation & geological history
Formed by the accumulation, compaction, and lithification of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments. Often formed in desert, river, or coastal environments over millions of years (commonly Phanerozoic eon).
Uses & applications
Widely used as an architectural building stone, flagstone for walkways, grindstones for sharpening, and as a reservoir rock for oil, gas, and groundwater.
Geological facts
Sandstone is one of the most common types of sedimentary rock and often contains fossils. It serves as a vital natural filter for groundwater aquifers due to its porosity.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and distinct layering (bedding). Rubbing two pieces together will usually release sand grains. Found globally in areas with ancient sedimentary basins.
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Cone-in-cone structure (Secondary Sedimentary Structure)
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Brecciated Chert (Microcrystalline Silica)
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Sandstone Grain
Clastic Sedimentary Rock Grain (SiO2 dominated)
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Sandstone
Arenite (primarily SiO2)
sedimentary