sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite (SiO2 with various cementing agents)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, brown, reddish; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Clastic, fine-to-medium grained; Fracture: Irregular/Conchoidal
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs)
- Color
- Tan, brown, reddish
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, brown, reddish; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Clastic, fine-to-medium grained; Fracture: Irregular/Conchoidal
Formation & geological history
Formed from the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments (clasts) in environments like deserts, river deltas, or beaches over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Extensively used as a building material, paving stone, and in the manufacturing of glass and grindstones.
Geological facts
Sandstone can be highly porous, serving as an important reservoir for water, oil, and natural gas within the Earth's crust.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty, sandpaper-like feel and visible grain layers. Commonly found in arid regions like the American Southwest (e.g., Grand Canyon).
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Arenite (if sandstone)
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Cone-in-cone structure (Secondary Sedimentary Structure)
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Chert Breccia
Brecciated Chert (Microcrystalline Silica)
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Sandstone Grain
Clastic Sedimentary Rock Grain (SiO2 dominated)
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Shale or Slaty Mudstone
Argillaceous sedimentary rock
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Sandstone
Arenite (primarily SiO2)
sedimentary